VIP

Vasoactive intestinal peptide, also known as vasoactive intestinal polypeptide or VIP, is a peptide hormone that is vasoactive in the intestine. VIP is a peptide of 28 amino acid residues that belongs to a glucagon/secretin superfamily, the ligand of class II G protein-coupled receptors.

Function and effects

Digestion: VIP helps control the secretion of water, salts, and enzymes in the digestive tract. It also inhibits gastric acid secretion.

Cardiovascular: It is a potent vasodilator, meaning it relaxes blood vessels to lower blood pressure and increase blood flow.

Respiratory: It has bronchodilatory effects, meaning it helps relax the airways in the lungs.

Immune system: VIP acts as an immune regulator and has anti-inflammatory properties, and it is being researched for its potential role in treating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

Nervous system: It functions as a neurotransmitter in both the central and peripheral nervous systems.